How to Write Great Survey Questions

In order to consider your surveying effortsthen asked to rate their level of agreement with
successful, the information you collect must bea scale from 1 to 5. 1 might represent "Strongly
reliable and relevant to your objective. Too often,agree" while 5 represents "Strongly disagree."
the data that is collected from a survey is tainted.Multiple Choice
It may be inaccurate, vague, or lack significantMultiple choice questions are well-suited for
insight into the thoughts and perceptions of youruncovering the strongest reason for a given
population. More often than not, you can controlfeeling. Typically, a number of choices are made
these issues. The manner in which you createavailable from which your participant chooses.
your survey questions and how you combine aEven if more than one answer is accurate, the
variety of different types can help you elicit therespondent is forced to choose the strongest
information you need to take action.answer.
Today, I'm going to explain the fundamentals of aFor example, he or she may be asked, "Why do
good survey question. I'll describe the variationsyou enjoy your job?" In most cases, there will
you can use, the proper way to construct them,likely be several possible reasons (for example,
and some factors to consider to ensure yourhigh salary, small commute, intellectual challenge,
results are useful.etc.). By forcing that person to select only one
Closed-Ended Versus Open-Endedanswer, you can determine the most important
Almost all questions that you can design for yourreason.
surveys will either be closed-ended or open-ended.Priority
Let me take a moment to define the two types.Queries which ask respondents to prioritize the
Closed-ended queries are those that only let afactors that are important to them can be
person to choose from a given set of responses.especially useful in identifying behaviors, marketing
One of those responses might be "Other," butopportunities, and other valuable data. A number
even then, the answer is limited. By contrast,of choices (usually, 5) are presented and the
open-ended queries allow respondents toparticipant is asked to rate them from 1 to 5.
elaborate.For example, they might be asked, "Rate the
One of the advantages of a closed-endedfollowing items in order of importance with
question is that the responses are easy toregards to how you would choose a health club
categorize. They're in a standard format, makingmembership." The items might include monthly
them especially well-suited for statistical analysis.fees, flexibility of terms, and availability of the
The drawback is that this type of query can betrainers. This type of survey question will help you
deceptively complicated to create. Open-endedidentify areas that are most important to your
questions can often reveal insightful information.respondents in relation to other areas.
Their inherent disadvantage is that they'reCritical Factors In Query Design
unsuitable for statistical analysis. In fact,The keys to obtaining useful data from your
interpreting the responses can often besurveys is to focus upon one element, try to
challenging.accommodate all potential responses, and
Scale Queriesencourage your respondents to answer truthfully.
Scale queries are most appropriate when youToday, we've focused most of our attention on
want to determine your survey population'sclosed-ended queries. They're a bit more difficult
feelings toward a specific topic. Normally,to design because they must adhere to a specific
respondents are asked to choose a ratingstructure. Open-ended queries are far easier to
between 1 and 5 that most closely representscreate because they allow broader answers.
their personal viewpoint. For example, the questionIdeally, your surveys should blend a mix of each
- or statement - might be "A college education istype that I've profiled above.
critical for future success." Your respondent is