The Secular Jesus

One Sabbath, when he went to dine at the houseGod, who is Father, Son and Spirit, where the
of a ruler of the Pharisees, they were watchingthree persons of God are equal and yet the Son
him carefully. And behold, there was a manis always subordinate to the Father. This then
before him who had dropsy. And Jesus respondedgives us a model (so the argument goes) that
to the lawyers and Pharisees, saying, "Is it lawfulmaintains both a nominal equality between
to heal on the Sabbath, or not?" But theypersons while justifying a system that always
remained silent. Then he took him and healed himgives the Son (or the woman) the lower place.
and sent him away. And he said to them, "WhichThe key address in the Melbourne conference, I
of you, having a son or an ox that has fallen intoread, challenged this concept of eternal
a well on a Sabbath day, will not immediately pullsubordination which, it said was inconsistent with
him out?" And they could not reply to thesethe Athanasian Creed, and suggested rather a
things.concept of 'economic subordination', wherein the
It's the Sabbath again and Jesus is doing what hesubservience of the Son to the Father is seen as
does best - teaching, healing, and getting Himselftaking place only for a limited time and in a
into trouble!particular context.
It's a marvelous story that contains all theNow, if you don't understand a word of what I've
elements that we love in the Gospel stories. Jesusjust said it really doesn't matter, for my whole
is spreading joy and causing controversy while thepoint is that this type of esoteric theological
fumbling Pharisees scurry about in thedebate is entirely absent from the Gospel
background, dumbfounded and exasperated. Andnarratives.
yet I hear you say, "didn't we cover all this lastWe take this for granted but we should not. If it
week?"had been any other Rabbi or religious teacher and
Of course I don't hear all of you say that, asnot Jesus who went around doing what He did on
some of you weren't here last week, and somethe Sabbath this would surely have been exactly
of you who were here last week aren't here thiswhat we would have expected. We would have
week, so you'll be forgiven for wondering whatexpected some sort of lengthy theological
I'm talking about, and yet the point is well made,defense of his actions, such that He could show
for the Gospel story from Luke chapter 13, thathow healing people on the Sabbath was in fact
we dealt with last week, has some very obviousconsistent with the Sabbath law as written, or
points of similarity with this week's story fromwhy the law as written needed to be
Luke chapter 14 (the next chapter).re-interpreted or discarded.
Both are stories of Jesus healing people and bothI'm not saying that we should have expected
healings took place on the Sabbath. In both casesdialogues about the eternally subordinate nature of
the healings led to a confrontation with theany of the members of the Trinity, but we would
religious authorities over whether it was legitimatehave expected the citing of other pieces of
to heal people on the Sabbath, and in both casesScripture, illustrations of the way in which Biblical
the religious folk ended up with egg on their facesauthorities themselves had, at certain times,
(so to speak).re-interpreted the Divine Law in ways that were
Of course the stories are not identical. Lastconsistent with Jesus' actions. We would have
week's story took place in a synagogue, and theexpected some dialogue, perhaps, that took us
confrontation was with the ruler of theback to the creation stories in Genesis and
synagogue, who I assumed to be a Pharisee. Thisshowed us how the basic concept of rest, as
week's story takes place in the house of aexhibited by God on the seventh day, was not
Pharisee, who may or may not have been theinconsistent with creative acts of healing.
ruler of a synagogue.We might have expected some argument about
In the chapter 13 story, it was a crippled womanthe nature of God or the nature of rest or the
that Jesus healed - a woman who couldn'tnature of the commandments, showing that
straighten up. In the chapter 14 story it is a manobedience to them should at certain points be
with 'dropsy', which means that his limbs weremade secondary to the immediate obligation
swollen up. He may have looked something likeplaced on us by the needs of our neighbors'. We
the elephant man, in which case his problem maymight have expected something clever and
have been, in one sense, the opposite of thecomplex and worthy of a Rabbi of Jesus' standing.
woman. She couldn't straighten up. The elephantInstead, all we get from Jesus is what seems
man, if you remember, couldn't lie down.more like an off-handed comment than any
Either way, Jesus heals them both. The woman isserious argument. "If your ox falls into a well on
straightened, the man's swollen limbs arethe Sabbath, you pull it out, don't you?" (14:5)
somehow mysteriously deflated, and there isThis was basically identical to the equally
much rejoicing on the part of everybody, exceptoff-handed question He asked in the previous
these religious persons who just can't come tostory, "you give your donkey a drink on the
terms with the way Jesus - a supposedlySabbath, don't you" (13:15). In neither of these
righteous Rabbi and a popular teacher of religioncases is Jesus making any clever appeal to ways
amongst the people - could so radically flout thein which the Sabbath law can be extended to
law of God by disobeying on the fundamentalinjured or thirsty animals under special
divine commandments as given to Moses on thecircumstances. Rather, He is simply appealing to
stone tablets - ie. remember the Sabbath DayHis hearers' compassion. His attitude to their law
and keep it holy.is, in a word, dismissive!
As I say, there are some differences betweenI remember we had a visitor to our worship
the two stories, in chapters 13 and 14service here once from a certain area of the
respectively, but the basic point of issue betweenUnited States, and he asked me how I justified
Jesus and his antagonists is identical in both cases.allowing woman to speak during the service. I
It's an issue of law.responded by pointing out that there were
Jesus is disobeying the law of God. That's thechurches in the area where he was from where
charge, and it's a serious charge, and it's the sortsnake-handling was a key component of their
of thing Jesus was charged with all the time,worship life. It wasn't a particularly gracious
which is extraordinary when you stand back andresponse but I think it was consistent with the
think about it for a moment!sort of response Jesus gave to so many of
Whatever people think of Jesus, they generallythose who questioned Him. He just didn't get into
acknowledge him to be (at least one of) thea debate with them!
greatest religious figures of all time. Yet theIndeed, it is remarkable when you think about it,
charge laid against him throughout his earthly lifehow rarely we see Jesus enter into any serious
was that He was consistently irreligious! He wastheological discussion with anyone in the New
labeled as a glutton and a drunkard and a friend ofTestament. And when we do see this happen
society's low-life - exactly the sort of(such as in His dialogues with Nicodemus [John 3]
characteristics we associate with irreligiousor the woman at the well [John 4]) we very
persons. And He was seen as having scantquickly see enormous misunderstandings occurring,
concern for the law of God!as Jesus and his partners in dialogue seem to
Of course Jesus would say that He came "not tospeak on entirely different levels!
abolish God's law but to fulfill it" (Matthew 5:17)It's as if Jesus just didn't speak the same
and yet that very statement is a tacitlanguage as His religious contemporaries. Perhaps
acknowledgement of the fact that Jesus did notwe could go so far as to say that Jesus didn't
deal with the divine law in the way in whichseem to speak a religious language at all, for
religious folk normally did.certainly His dialogues in these two stories in Luke
There was a divine law regarding what you couldseem to be at an entirely secular level. Jesus'
and could not do on a Sabbath and Jesus seemedopponents are talking about the law of God and
to have very little regard for it. He seemed to betheir religious obligations. Jesus is focused on the
happy to re-interpret the law to suit Himself, and,women and men around him, and His dialogue is
significantly, He seemed to show little interest innot about things mysterious and overtly religious
giving any theological argument in support of Hisbut about helping needy oxen and donkeys!
re-interpretation!Indeed there is something secular and irreligious
Indeed, as I compare the two stories that lieabout Jesus, just as there is something awfully
(more or less) side-by-side in Luke's Gospelsecular and irreligious about the whole idea that
narrative, the thing that strikes me most in bothGod should choose to give Himself to us in the
instances is the complete lack of seriousflesh and blood of this single human being! Jesus is
theological argument taking place between Jesusirreligious. The whole concept of the incarnation is
and the religious professionals!entirely irreligious! No wonder Judaism and Islam
This is what we religious people do: we arguecan't accept it!
theologically. And when a religious personThere remains one question from today's Gospel
re-interprets a divine law in some way such thatthat still concerns me, and it is this. Even if Jesus
they seem to be disregarding one of the tendid two consecutive healings on two consecutive
commandments, the pattern we would expect isSabbaths where he received exactly the same
that they give some sort of theologicalresponse from his religious contemporaries and
justification for what they are doing.then made an almost identical response to each
I want to focus on this today as I think it is reallyof them, why did the Gospel writer, Luke, bother
important, as I think it illustrates that Jesus notto record both incidents? Would not one have
only had a different ideas about God from Hisbeen enough? I'm sure there were plenty of
religious contemporaries. He evidently thoughtother stories about Jesus that he could have
about God in an entirely different way. It wasn'tincluded that he chose to leave out. Why include
just Jesus' conclusions that differentiated himboth of these when the two stories are, for all
from his religious contemporaries. It was the wayintents and purposes, identical?
He reached those conclusions. He not only spokeThe only answer I can come up with to this
differently about God. He spoke an entirelyquestion is that Luke must have figured that we
different language!needed to hear all this twice (and maybe a few
I was reading a report recently on a fascinatingmore times, as there are other stories of an
conference that took place in Melbourne recently -entirely similar nature again in Luke and throughout
a theological conference on the subject of "Trinitythe Gospels). Why do we need to keep hearing
with tiers" (that indeed I think some of ourabout this? I think it's because we just don't get it.
community may have attended).We keep looking for something more spectacular,
The main subject under discussion was obviouslymore obviously transcendent, and more overtly
the doctrine of the Trinity, but behind thereligious. What Luke seems to be trying to get
discussion about the nature of God and thethrough our heads is the fact that living the life of
relationship between the Father, the Son and theJesus is not about being religious? It's about
Holy Spirit was a more clearly tangible debatecompassion.
about the nature and the role of women in theFor it's not obedience to the law that brings us to
church!God. It is Christ. And Christ's work in us is not to
Those in the church who argue that womenbind us to any code, but to live His life through us
should always be placed in positions ofand show his compassion through us, and so bring
subordination to men have been known to do sohealing and wholeness to our sick and broken
by appealing the way in which the pattern ofworld. Amen.
eternal subordination is reflected in the nature of